Mesothelioma Explained: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Mesothelioma is a rare but aggressive form of cancer primarily caused by asbestos exposure. While its effects are devastating, understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help victims and their families navigate this difficult diagnosis. If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma in New Jersey, knowing your legal rights is just as critical as understanding your medical options.

What is Mesothelioma?

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer originating in the mesothelium, the protective lining surrounding major internal organs. The disease primarily affects the lungs (pleural mesothelioma), the abdomen (peritoneal mesothelioma), the heart (pericardial mesothelioma), and, in rare cases, the testes (testicular mesothelioma). The vast majority of cases are linked to prolonged asbestos exposure, with symptoms often taking decades to appear.

Mesothelioma is particularly aggressive and difficult to diagnose because its early symptoms often resemble common respiratory or gastrointestinal conditions. This delay in diagnosis can result in the disease reaching an advanced stage before treatment begins, significantly impacting prognosis and available treatment options.

Types of Mesothelioma

There are four main types of mesothelioma:

• Pleural Mesothelioma: The most common form affecting the lining of the lungs. Symptoms include chest pain, chronic cough, and shortness of breath.
• Peritoneal Mesothelioma: Affects the abdominal lining, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and digestive issues.
• Pericardial Mesothelioma: A rare form affecting the lining around the heart, which can cause chest pain, irregular heartbeat, and breathing difficulties.
• Testicular Mesothelioma: The rarest type, affecting the lining of the testicles, often presenting as swelling or lumps in the scrotum.

Each type of mesothelioma has its unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Pleural mesothelioma, for example, may be treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, while peritoneal mesothelioma is often managed with cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Stages of Mesothelioma

Like other cancers, mesothelioma is categorized into four stages:

• Stage 1: Cancer is localized, and treatment options are more effective. Surgery may be a viable option for removal.
• Stage 2: Cancer begins spreading, but aggressive treatment may still be an option, including chemotherapy and radiation.
• Stage 3: More advanced spread to nearby tissues and lymph nodes. Treatment focuses on slowing progression and managing symptoms.
• Stage 4: Extensive spread, limiting treatment options to palliative care to improve quality of life.

The stage of mesothelioma at the time of diagnosis significantly affects treatment options and prognosis. Early detection remains a critical factor in improving outcomes.

Common Causes of Mesothelioma

The primary cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos, a mineral historically used in construction, shipbuilding, and industrial applications. Despite federal regulations limiting its use, many individuals were exposed decades ago in workplaces, homes, and even schools.

Asbestos fibers, when inhaled or ingested, become trapped in the body, leading to long-term inflammation and scarring that may eventually result in cancerous growths. Workers in high-risk industries, including construction, shipbuilding, and auto repair, are among those most affected. Additionally, secondary exposure occurs when family members inhale asbestos fibers brought home on a worker’s clothing.

Symptoms of Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma symptoms often mimic less severe respiratory or gastrointestinal conditions, leading to delayed diagnoses. Symptoms vary depending on the type but may include:

• Persistent cough
• Chest or abdominal pain
• Shortness of breath
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue
• Fluid buildup in the lungs or abdomen (pleural effusion, ascites)
• Difficulty swallowing (advanced pleural mesothelioma)

Because symptoms can take 20-50 years to appear, many individuals are diagnosed only after the cancer has reached an advanced stage. This underscores the importance of early screening for individuals with a history of asbestos exposure.

Who Is Most at Risk of Mesothelioma?

Certain occupations and environments pose a higher risk of asbestos exposure, including:

• Construction workers: Many older buildings contain asbestos in insulation, roofing, and flooring materials.
• Shipyard workers: Asbestos was commonly used in naval and commercial shipbuilding.
• Industrial workers: Factories and refineries frequently use asbestos for its heat-resistant properties.
• Firefighters and first responders: Exposure is common in older buildings and disaster sites.
• Family members of exposed workers: Asbestos fibers can cling to clothing, putting household members at risk.

Legal Rights for Mesothelioma Victims in NJ

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma in New Jersey, you may be entitled to compensation. New Jersey has specific laws that protect asbestos exposure victims:

Statute of Limitations

In New Jersey, mesothelioma victims have two years from the date of diagnosis to file a personal injury lawsuit, according to N.J. Stat. Ann. §2A:14-2. For wrongful death claims, family members have two years from the date of death.

Asbestos Trust Funds

Many companies responsible for asbestos exposure have established trust funds to compensate victims. New Jersey residents may qualify for claims through national asbestos trust funds.

Notable New Jersey Mesothelioma Cases

• In Wolfe v. Armstrong World Industries, Inc., a New Jersey worker exposed to asbestos was awarded compensation after proving long-term exposure at an industrial site.
• In James Johnson v. ExxonMobil Corp., the plaintiff successfully held the company accountable for failing to provide warnings about asbestos dangers.

These cases highlight that victims can pursue justice and financial relief through legal action.

What Should You Do If Diagnosed with Mesothelioma in New Jersey?

If you have been diagnosed, take these critical steps:

1. Seek medical treatment immediately: Early intervention can improve your prognosis.
2. Document your asbestos exposure history: Identify where and when you were exposed.
3. Contact a mesothelioma attorney: A lawyer specializing in asbestos-related cases can guide you through filing a claim.
4. Explore compensation options: Lawsuits, settlements, and trust funds may provide financial relief for medical expenses and lost wages.
5. Consider support groups: Coping with mesothelioma is challenging, and support groups provide emotional and practical help.

If you or a loved one has been affected, seeking legal assistance can ensure you receive the compensation and support you deserve. Rosengard Law Group is committed to helping mesothelioma victims fight for their rights. Contact us today for a free consultation.